USA consists of three not connected to each other parts. The main continental part has a surface of 7825,2 thousand square kilometers. The Northern border with Canada is 6416 kilometers long and the Southern with Mexico - 3329. The coast line with the Pacific Ocean - 3270 km, with the Atlantic Ocean - 3329 km and with the Mexican bay - 2476 km. Alaska has a surface of 1530,7 thousand square kilometers. The border with Canada is 2476 kilometers, the coast line with the Pacific Ocean is 8995 km and with the Arctic Ocean - 1706 km. Hawaii are 24 islands in the Pacific Ocean with total surface of 16,7 thousand square kilometers. The total surface of the USA is 9372,6 thousand square kilometers. USA has possessions also in the Caribbean sea - Puerto Rico and the Virginian islands, in the Pacific Ocean - East Samoa, Guam, Midway, Wake and others. Half of the territory of the country is taken by high mountain hills and plateaus. In the western parts there are the Rocky Mountains which are more than 4000 meters high. The highest point is Mount McKinley - 6194 meters in Alaska. On the East there are the Appalachian Mountains with highest point Mount Michel - 2037 meters. Between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian mountains there are wide inner plains, and on the South - the Mexican lowland, which includes Florida. Climate - in a big part of the country - temperate and subtropical, continental and tropical in Florida. Average January temperature is -24,8 C in Alaska and -18 C in the central parts, 12 C in the South-West parts and up to 20 C in Florida. Average July temperatures are between 14 and 22 C on the West Coast, 16-26 on the East Coast and up to 32 C in the inner plains and the Southern parts of the country. Precipitations - 1000-2000 millimeters in the East parts; 600-900 mm in the Central plains; 400-600 mm in the Great plains; 400 mm in the plateaus; under 100 mm in the desert regions /the Mohave desert/. Main rivers - Mississippi with affluent Missouri and Ohio, Columbia, Colorado and Yukon /in Alaska/. In the North-Eastern parts are situated the Big American Lakes - Gorno, Michigan, Huron, Erie and Ontario.
POPULATION - 275570 thousand inhabitants. Density - 29,4 people on square kilometer. Natural growth - 5,5. Average continuance of life - men - 73 years, women - 80 years. Ethnical composition - German group - 82,7 % /of them - 91,3 % Americans, 1/6 are African Americans, Jews - 3,1 %, Germans - 2,6 %, Austrians - 0,6 %, Swedish - 0,4 %, English-Canadians - 0,4 %, English - 0,4 %, Norwegians - 0,3 %, Dutch - 0,2 %, Danish - 0,2 %, others - 0,5 %/. Roman group - 9,9 % /from them 45,2 % Mexicans, 21,6 % Italians, 8,9 % Puerto Ricans, 8,6 % Frank-Canadians, 3,6 % Cubs, 2,7 % French, 2,6 % Portuguese, 1,1 % Dominicans, 0,9 % Spanish, 0,8 % Columbians, 0,4 % Argentineans, 0,4 % Haitians, 3,2 % others/. Slavonic group - 3,1 % /from them Polish - 55,1 %, Russians - 14,5 %, Slovaks - 7,5 %, Checks - 7,3 %, Ukrainians - 7,2 %, Serbians - 3,2 %, Bulgarians - 1,8 %, Croatians - 1,7 %, others - 1,7 %/. Other Hindu European nations - 1,5 % /from them Irish - 40,8 %, Armenians - 17,7 %, Greeks - 14,9 %, Hindu Pakistanis - 10,3 %, Latvians - 7,6 %, Persians - 3,4 %, Albanians - 2,7 %, Welsh - 1,4 %, others - 1,2 %/. Hungarians - 0,3 %, Fins - 0,1 %, Chinese - 0,4 %, Philippians - 0,3 %, Japanese - 0,3 %, Arabs - 0,3 %. Local nations - 0,8 % /from them Indians - 88,2 %, Hawaiian - 9,4 %, Eskimos - 2,0 %, Aleuts - 0,4 %/. Others - 0,3 %. Official language - English. Alphabet - Latin. Not educated - 4 %. Religious composition - Christians - 91,7 % /from them protestants - 68,4 %, Catholics - 27,6 %, Orthodox - 3,1 %, monophosits - 0,4 %, uniates - 0,3 %, others - 0,2 %/, Judaists - 2,4 %, Moslems - 1,9 %, Hinduisms - 0,2 %, others - 3,8 %. City population - 77 %.
CAPITAL CITY - Washington /520 thousand people/ - the population of the capital city and the other bigger cities is without the suburbs. Bigger cities - New York /7430 thousand people/, Los Angeles / 3640 thousand people/, Chicago /2800 thousand people/, Huston /1850 thousand people/, Philadelphia /1420 thousand people/, San Diego /1240 thousand people/, Phoenix /1220 thousand people/, San Antonio /1150 thousand people/, Dallas /1080 thousand people/, Detroit /970 thousand people/, San Hose /870 thousand people/, San Francisco /750 thousand people/, Indianapolis /740 thousand people/, Jacksonville /700 thousand people/, Baltimore /640 thousand people/, El Paso /620 thousand people/, Memphis /610 thousand people/.
ADMINISTRATION - 50 states and one capital federal region. Grouped by regions: I - New England - Main, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Road Island, Connecticut; II - Mid-Atlantic states - New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania; ; III - North-Eastern center - Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin; IV - North-Western center - Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas; V - South-Atlantic - Delaware, Maryland, Columbia DC, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida; VI - South-Eastern center - Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi; VII - South-Western center - Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas; VIII - Mountain states - Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada; IX - Pacific ocean states - Washington, Oregon, California, Alaska, Hawaii.
MORE IMPORTANT HISTORICAL EVENTS AND DATES - until the XVI century - the territory was populated only by Indian tribes /about 2 million people/; year 1607 - first settlement of English on the East Coast and in 1620 - also on the North-Eastern parts; 1756-1763 war with France. The English overtake Canada and Louisiana. 13 British colonies were created on the East coast; from the beginning of XVII century - Settlement of black people - slaves; 1775 - the beginning of the war for independence. The previous 13 colonies were united and created a sovereign country - United States of America; 4th of July 1776 - The Declaration of independence was accepted; 1787 - the Constitution was accepted; 1846-1848 - war with Mexico in which half of the Mexican territory was overtaken - the states Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and part of California; 1846 - the North-Western Pacific coast was added to the USA; 1861-1865 - civil war and victory of the North states. Slavery was abrogated; 1867 - Russia sold to the USA Alaska and the Aleut Islands; 1893-1898 - Annexation of Hawaii; 1898 - Spanish-American war. USA overtook Puerto Ricoh and Guam; 1917 - participation in World War I together with the Ant anta - war actions in Europe, North Africa and the Pacific Ocean; 1941-1945 - participation in World War II - victory over Germany and Japan; 1949 - after the initiative of the USA NATO, was created; 1950-1953 - participation of the USA in the Korean war; 1965-1973 - participation in the Vietnam war; 1991 - participation in the war against Iraq in the Persian gulf; 1999 - participation in the Kosovo conflict; the 11th of September 2001 - terrorist attacks against the USA in New York and Washington; end of 2001 - the American army destroyed the Taliban soldiers in Afghanistan.
COUNTRY ORGANIZATION - Federal republic. The Constitution from 1787 is applied. Head of state - president, elected for 4 years (mostly 2 mandates). Legislative power - Congress, which consists of 2 chambers - Senate /100 members, 2 senators from each state, elected for 6 years/ and House of representatives /435 members elected for 2 years/. The executive power belongs to the president, who appoints ministers' cabinet /government/. The states have their own legislative and executive organs.
MONETARY MEANS - US dollar /US$/ = 100 cents.
ECONOMICS - leading country in the world with high temps of economic growth. Working population - 130 million people - creates 20 % of the world's industrial production and realizes 15 % of the international trade, leader in the development of new technologies. USA takes the first places in the world's extraction of petrol, coals, natural gas, gold and in the production of energy, steel, copper, aluminum and others. Main role in the economy has the industry - metallurgy, machine production, electric and electronic, petrol, gas, chemical, automobile, airplane and others. Important meaning has also the agricultural industry - 3,4 million people are occupied or 2,6% of the working population. USA is the biggest exporter of agricultural production /57 billion US dollars/ - over 15 % of the world's food market. Generally exported are grain, meat products, cotton, tobacco, fruits, vegetables and others. Transport - asphalted roads - 6 million kilometers; rail roads - 225 thousand kilometers. More important sea docks - New York, New Orleans, Huston, San Francisco, Los Angeles and Seattle. Lake docks - Chicago, Buffalo, Cleveland and Detroit. Many airports with national and international importance.
TOURISM - strongly developed infrastructure. Yearly the country is visited by 48 million tourists /without Hawaii/, which bring income of 75 billion dollars.
